Abortion Risks: A list of major physical complications related to abortion. Printable Fact Sheets. Psychological Complications. More articles and research on abortion risks. Abortion. Risks. org. Approximately 1. 0% of women undergoing induced abortion suffer from immediate complications, of which one- fifth (2%) were considered major. Major risks and complications of abortion are described, with citations to the medical literature, below.
Printable Fact Sheets Psychological Complications More articles and research on abortion risks AbortionRisks.org. Approximately 10% of women undergoing induced.
DEATH: Death Rates in Finland During the First Year Following Abortion, Miscarriage, or Delivery Compared to an Age Adjusted Population of Women Who Had Not Had Not Been Pregnant in the Previous Year. According to the best record based study of deaths following pregnancy and abortion, a 1. Finland, women who abort are approximately four times more likely to die in the following year than women who carry their pregnancies to term.
In addition, women who carry to term are only half as likely to die as women who were not pregnant. Legal abortion is reported as the fifth leading cause of maternal death in the United States, though in fact it is recognized that most abortion- related deaths are not officially reported as such. Similar elevated risks of subsequent ovarian and liver cancer have also been linked to single and multiple abortions. These increased cancer rates for post- aborted women may be linked to the unnatural disruption of the hormonal changes which accompany pregnancy and untreated cervical damage or to increased stress and the negative impact of stress on the immune system. The risk of uterine perforation is increased for women who have previously given birth and for those who receive general anesthesia at the time of the abortion. Lesser lacerations, or micro fractures, which would normally not be treated may also result in long term reproductive damage. Latent post- abortion cervical damage may result in subsequent cervical incompetence, premature delivery, and complications of labor.
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The risk of cervical damage is greater for teenagers, for second trimester abortions, and when practitioners fail to use laminaria for dilation of the cervix. Abnormal development of the placenta due to uterine damage increases the risk of fetal malformation, perinatal death, and excessive bleeding during labor. Prior induced abortion not only increased the risk of premature delivery, it also increased the risk of delayed delivery. Women who had one, two, or more induced abortions are, respectively, 1. These reproductive complications are the leading causes of handicaps among newborns. One of the authors, Dr.
Prakesh Shah of the University of Toronto, had his study published in the prestigious British Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. Shah reported that one prior induced abortion multiplies premature birth risk by 1. Institute of Medicine that one of fourteen “Immutable Medical Risk Factors Associated with Preterm Birth” is “prior first trimester induced abortion.” . Ectopic pregnancies, in turn, are life threatening and may result in reduced fertility. Of patients who have a chlamydia infection at the time of the abortion, 2.
PID within 4 weeks. Studies have found that 2.
Approximately 5% of patients who are not infected by chlamydia develop PID within 4 weeks after a first trimester abortion. It is therefore reasonable to expect that abortion providers should screen for and treat such infections prior to an abortion. The nine most common major complications which can occur at the time of an abortion are: infection, excessive bleeding, embolism, ripping or perforation of the uterus, anesthesia complications, convulsions, hemorrhage, cervical injury, and endotoxic shock. The most common “minor” complications include: infection, bleeding, fever, second degree burns, chronic abdominal pain, vomiting, gastro- intestinal disturbances, and Rh sensitization. These same studies show that women who have multiple abortions face a much greater risk of experiencing these complications.
This point is especially noteworthy since approximately 4. LOWER GENERAL HEALTH: In a survey of 1. Multiple abortions correlated to an even lower evaluation of “present health.” While miscarriage was detrimental to health, abortion was found to have a greater correlation to poor health. These findings support previous research which reported that during the year following an abortion women visited their family doctors 8. The authors also found that “if a partner is present and not supportive, the miscarriage rate is more than double and the abortion rate is four times greater than if he is present and supportive. If the partner is absent the abortion rate is six times greater.” . The researchers found that on average, there was an 8.
For example, promiscuity and abortion are each linked to increased rates of PID and ectopic pregnancies. Which contributes most is unclear, but apportionment may be irrelevant if the promiscuity is itself a reaction to post- abortion trauma or loss of self esteem. INCREASED RISKS FOR TEENAGERS: Teenagers, who account for about 3. This is true of both immediate complications, and of long- term reproductive damage. Detrimental Effects of Abortion: An Annotated Bibliography with Commentary (Third Edition) is the most complete review of medical studies relevant to abortion. An online version of the bibliography can be found at www.
Abortion. Risks. com. Kaunitz, “Causes of Maternal Mortality in the United States,” Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6.
May 1. 98. 5. 3. Howe, et al., “Early Abortion and Breast Cancer Risk Among Women Under Age 4. International Journal of Epidemiology 1.
L. I. Remennick, “Induced Abortion as A Cancer Risk Factor: A Review of Epidemiological Evidence,” Journal of Epidemiological Community Health, (1. M. C. Pike, “Oral Contraceptive Use and Early Abortion as Risk Factors for Breast Cancer in Young Women,” British Journal of Cancer 4.
M- G, Le, et al., “Oral Contraceptive Use and Breast or Cervical Cancer: Preliminary Results of a French Case- Control Study, Hormones and Sexual Factors in Human Cancer Etiology, ed. Russian Women Correspondence. JP Wolff, et al., Excerpta Medica: New York (1. F. Parazzini, et al., “Reproductive Factors and the Risk of Invasive and Intraepithelial Cervical Neoplasia,” British Journal of Cancer, 5.
H. L. Stewart, et al., “Epidemiology of Cancers of the Uterine Cervix and Corpus, Breast and Ovary in Israel and New York City,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute 3. I. Fujimoto, et al., “Epidemiologic Study of Carcinoma in Situ of the Cervix,” Journal of Reproductive Medicine 3. July 1. 98. 5); N. Weiss, “Events of Reproductive Life and the Incidence of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer,” Am. Beral, et al., “Does Pregnancy Protect Against Ovarian Cancer,” The Lancet, May 2. C. La. Vecchia, et al., “Reproductive Factors and the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Women,” International Journal of Cancer, 5. Kaali, et al., “The Frequency and Management of Uterine Perforations During First- Trimester Abortions,” Am.
Obstetrics and Gynecology 1. August 1. 98. 9; M. White, “A Case- Control Study of Uterine Perforations documented at Laparoscopy,” Am. Obstetrics and Gynecology 1. Grimes, et al., “Prevention of uterine perforation During Curettage Abortion,” JAMA, 2.
D. Grimes, et al.,”Local versus General Anesthesia: Which is Safer For Performing Suction Abortions?” Am. Schulz, et al., “Measures to Prevent Cervical Injuries During Suction Curettage Abortion,” The Lancet, May 2. W. Cates, “The Risks Associated with Teenage Abortion,” New England Journal of Medicine, 3. R. Castadot, “Pregnancy Termination: Techniques, Risks, and Complications and Their Management,” Fertility and Sterility, 4. Barrett, et al., “Induced Abortion: A Risk Factor for Placenta Previa”, American Journal of Ob& Gyn. Hogue, Cates and Tietze, “Impact of Vacuum Aspiration Abortion on Future Childbearing: A Review”, Family Planning Perspectives (May- June 1. Jacobsson B, Hagberg G, Hagberg B, Ladfors L, Niklasson A, Hagberg A.
Cerebral Palsy in preterm infants: a population- based case- control study of antenatal and intrapartal risk factors. Acta Paediatrica 2. Calhoun BC, Shadigian E, Rooney B. Cost consequences of induced abortion as an attributable risk for preterm birth and informed consent.
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L. Westergaard, “Significance of Cervical Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection in Post- abortal Pelvic Inflammatory Disease,” Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6. M. Chacko, et al., “Chlamydia Trachomatosis Infection in Sexually Active Adolescents: Prevalence and Risk Factors,” Pediatrics, 7. M. Barbacci, et al., “Post- Abortal Endometritis and Isolation of Chlamydia Trachomatis,” Obstetrics and Gynecology 6. S. Duthrie, et al., “Morbidity After Termination of Pregnancy in First- Trimester,” Genitourinary Medicine 6.
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